Ikinyabiziga Kuri-Grid Ibisubizo Kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi
V2G na V2X ni iki?
V2G isobanura "ibinyabiziga-kuri-gride" kandi ni tekinoroji ituma ingufu zisubizwa mumashanyarazi kuva muri bateri yimodoka yamashanyarazi.Hamwe na tekinoroji-yimodoka, bateri yimodoka irashobora kwishyurwa no gusohora hashingiwe kubimenyetso bitandukanye - nko kubyara ingufu cyangwa gukoresha hafi.
V2X bisobanura ibinyabiziga-kuri-byose.Harimo imanza nyinshi zitandukanye zikoreshwa nk'imodoka-ku-rugo (V2H), ibinyabiziga-byubaka (V2B) hamwe na moteri-kuri-gride.Ukurikije niba ushaka gukoresha amashanyarazi kuva kuri bateri ya EV kugeza murugo rwawe cyangwa kubaka imizigo yamashanyarazi, hariho amagambo ahinnye atandukanye kuri buri kibazo cyabakoresha.Imodoka yawe irashobora kugukorera, nubwo kugaburira kuri gride ntibyakubera byiza.
Muri make, igitekerezo kiri inyuma yimodoka-kuri-gride isa nuburyo busanzwe bwo kwishyuza ubwenge.Kwishyuza neza, bizwi kandi nka V1G kwishyuza, bidushoboza kugenzura kwishyuza imodoka zamashanyarazi muburyo butuma ingufu zumuriro ziyongera kandi zigabanuka mugihe bikenewe.Imodoka-kuri-gride igenda iyindi ntambwe, kandi ituma ingufu zashizwemo nazo zisubizwa mugihe gito kuri gride kuva muri bateri yimodoka kugirango habeho itandukaniro mubikorwa byingufu nogukoresha.
2. Kuki ugomba kwita kuri V2G?
Inkuru ndende ngufi, ibinyabiziga biva kuri gride bifasha kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu kwemerera sisitemu y’ingufu kuringaniza ingufu nyinshi kandi zishobora kuvugururwa.Icyakora, kugirango bigerweho mu guhangana n’ikibazo cy’ikirere, ibintu bitatu bigomba kubaho mu nzego z’ingufu n’ingendo: Decarbonisation, gukoresha ingufu, n’amashanyarazi.
Mu rwego rwo kubyaza ingufu ingufu, decarbonisation bivuga kohereza ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, nk’izuba n’umuyaga.Ibi bitangiza ikibazo cyo kubika ingufu.Mugihe ibicanwa biva mu kirere bishobora kugaragara nkuburyo bwo kubika ingufu kuko birekura ingufu iyo zitwitse, umuyaga nizuba bikora muburyo butandukanye.Ingufu zigomba gukoreshwa aho zakozwe cyangwa zibitswe ahantu kugirango zikoreshwe nyuma.Kubwibyo, gukura kwingirakamaro byanze bikunze sisitemu yingufu zacu zihindagurika, bisaba uburyo bushya bwo kuringaniza no kubika ingufu zikoreshwa.
Icyarimwe, urwego rwubwikorezi rukora uruhare rukwiye rwo kugabanya karubone kandi nkikimenyetso kibigaragaza, umubare wibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi uragenda wiyongera.Batteri yimodoka yamashanyarazi nuburyo buhenze cyane bwo kubika ingufu, kubera ko bidasaba gushora imari kubikoresho.
Ugereranije no kwishyiriraho ubwenge bidafite icyerekezo, hamwe na V2G ubushobozi bwa bateri burashobora gukoreshwa neza.V2X ihindura EV kwishyurwa bivuye kubisubizo bikenewe kubisubizo bya batiri.Ifasha gukoresha bateri 10x neza cyane ugereranije no kwishyiriraho ubwenge bidafite icyerekezo.
ibinyabiziga-kuri-grid ibisubizo
Ububiko bwingufu zihagaze - banki nini zingufu muburyo bumwe - ziragenda zimenyekana.Nuburyo bworoshye bwo kubika ingufu ziva, nkurugero, amashanyarazi manini yizuba.Kurugero, Tesla na Nissan batanga bateri zo murugo no kubakoresha.Izi bateri zo murugo, hamwe nimirasire yizuba hamwe na sitasiyo yumuriro wa EV, ninzira nziza yo kuringaniza umusaruro ningufu zikoreshwa mumazu atandukanye cyangwa mumiryango mito.Kugeza ubu, bumwe muburyo bukunze kuboneka ni sitasiyo ya pompe, aho amazi avomwa hejuru no hasi kugirango abike ingufu.
Ku rugero runini, kandi ugereranije n’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ububiko bwingufu zihenze kubitanga kandi bisaba ishoramari rikomeye.Nkuko umubare wa EV ugenda wiyongera, imodoka zamashanyarazi zitanga uburyo bwo kubika nta kiguzi cyinyongera.
Kuri Virta, twizera ko imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi aribwo buryo bworoshye cyane bwo gufasha mu kongera ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, kuko EV zizagira uruhare mu mibereho yacu mu bihe biri imbere - tutitaye ku nzira twahisemo kuzikoresha.
3. Nigute ibinyabiziga biva kuri gride bikora?
Ku bijyanye no gukoresha V2G mu myitozo, icy'ingenzi ni ukureba niba abashoferi ba EV bafite ingufu zihagije muri bateri yimodoka zabo igihe babikeneye.Iyo bagiye kukazi mugitondo, bateri yimodoka igomba kuba yuzuye bihagije kugirango ibatware kukazi no kugaruka nibikenewe.Iki nicyo kintu cyibanze gisabwa kuri V2G nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga bwo kwishyuza: Umushoferi wa EV agomba kuba ashobora kuvugana mugihe ashaka gukuramo imodoka nuburyo bateri igomba kuba yuzuye muricyo gihe.
Iyo ushyizeho igikoresho cyo kwishyuza, intambwe ya mbere ni ugusubiramo sisitemu y'amashanyarazi yinyubako.Ihuza ry'amashanyarazi rirashobora kuba imbogamizi kumushinga wo kwishyiriraho EV cyangwa kongera ibiciro mugihe mugihe hagomba kuvugururwa.
Ikinyabiziga-kuri-gride, kimwe nibindi bikoresho byogukoresha ingufu zubwenge, bifasha gukora ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi aho ariho hose, utitaye kubidukikije, aho biherereye, cyangwa ahabigenewe.Inyungu za V2G ku nyubako zigaragara iyo amashanyarazi ava muri bateri yimodoka akoreshwa aho akenewe cyane (nkuko byasobanuwe mumutwe ubanza).Imodoka-kuri-gride ifasha kuringaniza amashanyarazi no kwirinda ikiguzi cyose kidakenewe mukubaka amashanyarazi.Hamwe na V2G, amashanyarazi akoreshwa mukanya gato mu nyubako arashobora kuringanizwa hifashishijwe imodoka zamashanyarazi kandi nta mbaraga zinyongera zigomba gukoreshwa kuri gride.
Imashanyarazi
Ubushobozi bwububiko bwo kuringaniza amashanyarazi hamwe na V2G yumuriro nabyo bifasha umuyoboro wamashanyarazi kurwego runini.Ibi bizaza bikenewe mugihe ingufu zingirakamaro muri gride, zakozwe numuyaga nizuba, ziyongereye.Hatabayeho ikoranabuhanga kugeza kuri gride, ingufu zigomba kugurwa mumashanyarazi yabigenewe, ibyo bikaba byongera ibiciro byamashanyarazi mugihe cyamasaha yo hejuru, kubera ko guhagarika amashanyarazi adasanzwe aribintu bihenze.Utabanje kugenzura ugomba kwemera iki giciro cyatanzwe ariko hamwe na V2G uri umuhanga kugirango uhindure ibiciro byawe ninyungu.Muyandi magambo, V2G ifasha ibigo byingufu gukina ping pong hamwe namashanyarazi muri gride.
Ku baguzi
Ni ukubera iki abaguzi bitabira ibinyabiziga kugeza kuri gride nkigisubizo cyibisabwa noneho?Nkuko twabisobanuye kare, ntacyo bibatwaye, ariko hari icyo bitwaye?
Kubera ko ibinyabiziga biva kuri gride biteganijwe ko bizaba ibintu byunguka mubukungu mumasosiyete yingufu, bafite intego igaragara yo gushishikariza abaguzi kubigiramo uruhare.Erega burya, tekinoroji, ibikoresho, nibinyabiziga bihuye na tekinoroji ya V2G ntibihagije - abaguzi bakeneye kubigiramo uruhare, gucomeka no gutuma bateri zabo zikoreshwa muri V2G.Turashobora kwitega ko mugihe kiri imbere murwego runini, abaguzi bahembwa niba bafite ubushake bwo gutuma bateri yimodoka zabo zikoreshwa nkibintu bingana.
4. Nigute ibinyabiziga biva kuri gride bizahinduka inzira nyamukuru?
Ibisubizo V2G byiteguye gukubita isoko no gutangira gukora amarozi yabo.Nyamara, inzitizi zimwe zigomba gutsinda mbere yuko V2G iba igikoresho nyamukuru cyo gucunga ingufu.
A. V2G ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho
Abatanga ibyuma byinshi bakoze imashini yerekana ibikoresho bihujwe na tekinoroji yimodoka.Kimwe nibindi bikoresho byose byo kwishyuza, charger za V2G zimaze kuza muburyo bwinshi.
Mubisanzwe, imbaraga ntarengwa zo kwishyuza ni hafi 10 kWt - birahagije murugo cyangwa aho ukorera.Mugihe kizaza, ndetse nuburyo bwagutse bwo kwishyuza bizakoreshwa.Ibikoresho byo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga kugeza kuri gride ni charger ya DC, kubera ko ubu buryo imodoka zonyine zidafite icyerekezo cyubwato zishobora kurengerwa.Habayeho kandi imishinga aho ikinyabiziga gifite charger ya DC kandi ikinyabiziga gishobora gucomeka kuri AC charger.Ariko, iki ntabwo ari igisubizo rusange muri iki gihe.
Kurangiza, ibikoresho birahari kandi birashoboka, nyamara haracyariho iterambere ryiterambere uko ikoranabuhanga rikura.
Imodoka ya V2G
Kugeza ubu, ibinyabiziga bya CHAdeMo (nka Nissan) byarushije abandi bakora imodoka kuzana imiduga ya V2G ihuje ku isoko.Amababi yose ya Nissan ku isoko arashobora gusohorwa hamwe na sitasiyo yimodoka.Ubushobozi bwo gushyigikira V2G nikintu gifatika kubinyabiziga kandi nabandi bakora inganda benshi twizere ko bazinjira mumikino yimodoka ihuza imashini vuba.Kurugero, Mitsubishi yatangaje kandi gahunda yo kwamamaza V2G hamwe na PHEV yo hanze.
V2G igira ingaruka kubuzima bwa bateri yimodoka?
Nkibisobanuro kuruhande: Bamwe mubatavuga rumwe na V2G bavuga ko gukoresha tekinoroji yimodoka kugeza kuri gride bituma bateri yimodoka itaramba.Ikirego ubwacyo kiratangaje, kuko bateri yimodoka irimo gutwarwa burimunsi - nkuko imodoka ikoreshwa, bateri irasohoka kugirango dushobore kugenda hirya no hino.Benshi batekereza ko V2X / V2G bisobanura kwishyuza amashanyarazi yuzuye no gusohora, ni ukuvuga ko bateri yavuye kuri zeru ijana yumuriro ikagera kuri 100% yumuriro hanyuma ikongera ikagera kuri zeru.Ntabwo aribyo.Muri rusange, gusohora ibinyabiziga kuri gride ntabwo bigira ingaruka kubuzima bwa bateri, kuko bibaho muminota mike kumunsi.Nyamara, ubuzima bwa bateri ya EV hamwe ningaruka za V2G kuri yo biga buri gihe.
V2G igira ingaruka kubuzima bwa bateri yimodoka?
Nkibisobanuro kuruhande: Bamwe mubatavuga rumwe na V2G bavuga ko gukoresha tekinoroji yimodoka kugeza kuri gride bituma bateri yimodoka itaramba.Ikirego ubwacyo kiratangaje, kuko bateri yimodoka irimo gutwarwa burimunsi - nkuko imodoka ikoreshwa, bateri irasohoka kugirango dushobore kugenda hirya no hino.Benshi batekereza ko V2X / V2G bisobanura kwishyuza amashanyarazi yuzuye no gusohora, ni ukuvuga ko bateri yavuye kuri zeru ijana yumuriro ikagera kuri 100% yumuriro hanyuma ikongera ikagera kuri zeru.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-31-2021
