Ikinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi (PHEV) ni iki?

Ikinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi (PHEV) ni iki?

Imashini icomeka mumashanyarazi (ubundi izwi nka plug-in hybrid) ni ikinyabiziga gifite moteri yamashanyarazi na moteri ya lisansi.Irashobora gukongezwa hifashishijwe amashanyarazi na lisansi.Chevy Volt na Ford C-MAX Energi ni ingero zimodoka icomeka.Abakora amamodoka menshi muri iki gihe batanga cyangwa bazatanga vuba imashini icomeka.

Ikinyabiziga gifite amashanyarazi (EV) ni iki?

Ikinyabiziga gifite amashanyarazi, rimwe na rimwe nanone cyitwa imodoka ya mashanyarazi ya batiri (BEV) ni imodoka ifite moteri yamashanyarazi na batiri, ikoreshwa namashanyarazi gusa.Nissan Leaf na Tesla Model S ni ingero zimodoka yamashanyarazi.Abakora amamodoka menshi kuri ubu batanga cyangwa bazatanga vuba imashini icomeka.

Ikinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi (PEV) ni iki?

Imodoka icomeka mumashanyarazi nicyiciro cyibinyabiziga birimo ibyuma byombi byacometse (PHEVs) hamwe n’ibinyabiziga bitanga amashanyarazi (BEVs) - ikinyabiziga icyo aricyo cyose gifite ubushobozi bwo gucomeka.Ingero zose zavuzwe mbere ziri muriki cyiciro.

Kuki nshaka gutwara PEV?

Mbere na mbere, PEV zirashimishije gutwara - byinshi kuribi hepfo.Nibyiza kandi kubidukikije.PEVs irashobora kugabanya ibyuka byose byangiza ibinyabiziga hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi aho gukoresha lisansi.Mu bice byinshi byo muri Amerika, amashanyarazi atanga imyuka mike kuri kilometero kurusha lisansi, kandi mu turere tumwe na tumwe, harimo na Californiya, gutwara amashanyarazi ni byiza cyane kuruta gutwika lisansi.Kandi, hamwe n’impinduka zigenda ziyongera kubyara ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, amashanyarazi yo muri Amerika agenda asukurwa buri mwaka.Igihe kinini, nacyo gihendutse kuri kilometero imwe yo gutwara amashanyarazi na lisansi.

Ntabwo ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bidatinda kandi birambiranye, nka golf-gare?

Oya!Amagare menshi ya golf afite amashanyarazi, ariko imodoka yamashanyarazi ntigomba gutwara nkikarito ya golf.Imashanyarazi nucomeka mumodoka ya Hybrid birashimishije cyane gutwara kuko moteri yamashanyarazi ibasha gutanga umuriro mwinshi vuba, bivuze kwihuta, byoroshye.Imwe mungero zikabije zerekana uburyo imodoka yamashanyarazi ishobora kwihuta ni Tesla Roadster, ishobora kwihuta kuva 0-60 mph mumasegonda 3.9.

Nigute ushobora kwishyuza imashini icomeka cyangwa ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi?

Imodoka zose zamashanyarazi ziza zifite umugozi usanzwe wa 120V (nka mudasobwa igendanwa cyangwa terefone igendanwa) ushobora gucomeka muri garage yawe cyangwa muri karitsiye.Barashobora kandi kwishura bakoresheje sitasiyo yabugenewe ikora kuri 240V.Amazu menshi asanzwe afite 240V aboneka kumashanyarazi.Urashobora kwinjizamo sitasiyo ya 240V murugo, hanyuma ugacomeka imodoka muri sitasiyo.Hariho ibihumbi n'ibihumbi 120V na 240V byishyuza rusange mu gihugu hose, kandi mu gihugu hose hari umubare munini w’amashanyarazi yihuta cyane.Byinshi, ariko sibyose, ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bifite ibikoresho kugirango byemere umuriro mwinshi byihuse.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugirango wishyure imodoka icomeka?

Biterwa nubunini bwa bateri nini, kandi niba wishyuza ukoresheje isohoka rya 120V risanzwe rya 240V, cyangwa charger yihuta.Gucomeka muri Hybride hamwe na bateri ntoya irashobora kwishyuza mumasaha agera kuri 3 kuri 120V na 1.5h kuri 240V.Ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bifite bateri nini birashobora gufata amasaha agera kuri 20+ kuri 120V namasaha 4-8 ukoresheje charger ya 240V.Ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bifite ibikoresho byo kwishyuza byihuse birashobora kwishyurwa 80% muminota 20.

Nshobora gutwara imodoka kugeza ryari?

Imashini icomeka irashobora kugenda ibirometero 10-50 ukoresheje amashanyarazi gusa mbere yuko batangira gukoresha lisansi, hanyuma irashobora kugenda ibirometero 300 (bitewe nubunini bwa peteroli, kimwe nizindi modoka).Imodoka nyinshi zamashanyarazi kare (hafi 2011 - 2016) zashoboraga gutwara ibirometero 100 mbere yo gukenera kwishyurwa.Ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bigezweho bigenda ibirometero 250 kwishyurwa, nubwo hari bimwe, nka Teslas, bishobora gukora ibirometero 350 kuri kwishyurwa.Abakora amamodoka menshi batangaje gahunda yo kuzana ku isoko ry’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi asezeranya intera ndende ndetse no kwishyurwa byihuse.

Iyi modoka igura angahe?

Igiciro cya PEVs yiki gihe kiratandukanye cyane ukurikije icyitegererezo nuwagikoze.Abantu benshi bahitamo gukodesha PEV kugirango bakoreshe ibiciro byihariye.PEVs nyinshi zujuje ibisabwa kugirango ziveho imisoro.Ibihugu bimwe na bimwe bitanga ubundi buryo bwo kugura, kugabanyirizwa imisoro, no kugabanya imisoro kuri izo modoka.

Haba hari leta yagabanije cyangwa imisoro kuri izi modoka?
Muri make, yego.Urashobora kubona andi makuru kuri reta ya reta na reta, kugabanyirizwa imisoro, hamwe nubundi buryo bwo kurupapuro rwumutungo.

Bigenda bite kuri bateri iyo ipfuye?

Batteri irashobora gutunganywa, nubwo hakiri byinshi byo kwiga kubyerekeye gutunganya bateri ya lithium-ion (li-ion) ikoreshwa mumashanyarazi acomeka.Kuri ubu, nta masosiyete menshi akora bicyeri yakoresheje bateri yimodoka ya li-ion, kubera ko nta bateri nyinshi zo gutunganya.Hano kuri UC Davis 'PH&EV Research Centre, turimo gushakisha uburyo bwo gukoresha bateri muri porogaramu "ubuzima bwa kabiri" nyuma yuko itakiri nziza bihagije kugirango ikoreshwe muri ve