Ubwoko bwa EV Yishyuza Imashanyarazi

Hariho ubwoko butatu bwingenzi bwo kwishyuza -byihuse,byihuse, nagahoro.Ibi byerekana ingufu zisohoka, nuko rero kwishyuza umuvuduko, kuboneka kwishura EV.Menya ko imbaraga zapimwe muri kilowatts (kilowati).

Buri bwoko bwa charger bufite aho buhurira bugenewe gukoreshwa buke cyangwa imbaraga nyinshi, hamwe no kwishyuza AC cyangwa DC.Ibice bikurikira biratanga ibisobanuro birambuye byubwoko butatu bwo kwishyuza hamwe nuburyo butandukanye buhari.

Amashanyarazi yihuta

Amashanyarazi yihuta nuburyo bwihuse bwo kwishyuza EV, akenshi iboneka muri serivisi zumuhanda cyangwa ahantu hegereye inzira nkuru.Ibikoresho byihuse bitanga ingufu nyinshi zitaziguye cyangwa zihinduranya - DC cyangwa AC - kugirango yishyure imodoka vuba bishoboka.

Ukurikije icyitegererezo, EV irashobora kwishyurwa kugeza 80% muminota mike 20, nubwo impuzandengo mishya EV yatwara isaha imwe kumurongo usanzwe wihuta wa kilo 50.Imbaraga ziva mubice byerekana umuvuduko ntarengwa wo kwishyurwa uboneka, nubwo imodoka izagabanya umuvuduko wogukoresha mugihe bateri yegereje kwishyurwa ryuzuye.Nkibyo, ibihe byavuzwe kugirango bishyurwe kugeza 80%, nyuma yumuvuduko wo kwishyiriraho ugabanuka cyane.Ibi byerekana neza uburyo bwo kwishyuza kandi bifasha kurinda bateri.

Ibikoresho byose byihuse bifite insinga zo kwishyiriraho zifatanije nigice, kandi kwishyurwa byihuse birashobora gukoreshwa gusa kubinyabiziga bifite ubushobozi bwo kwishyuza byihuse.Urebye imyirondoro ihuza byoroshye - reba amashusho hepfo - ibisobanuro bya moderi yawe biroroshye kugenzura uhereye kumfashanyigisho yimodoka cyangwa kugenzura ubwato bwinjira.

DC yihutacharger zitanga ingufu kuri 50 kWt (125A), koresha haba ibipimo bya CHAdeMO cyangwa CCS, kandi byerekanwe namashusho yumutuku kuri Zap-Ikarita.Ubu ni ubwoko bwibintu byihuta bya EV byishyurwa muri iki gihe, kuba byarabaye igice cyiza cyimyaka icumi.Ihuza ryombi risanzwe ryishyuza EV kugeza 80% muminota 20 kugeza kumasaha bitewe nubushobozi bwa bateri no gutangira kwishyurwa.

Ultra-Rapid DCcharger zitanga ingufu kuri 100 kW cyangwa zirenga.Ibi mubisanzwe haba 100 kW, 150 kW, cyangwa 350 kW - nubwo ubundi umuvuduko ntarengwa uri hagati yiyi mibare birashoboka.Nibisekuru bizakurikiraho byihuse byihuse, birashobora kugumya kwishyurwa hasi nubwo ubushobozi bwa bateri bwiyongera muri EV nshya.

Kuri izo EV zishobora kwakira 100 kW cyangwa zirenga, igihe cyo kwishyuza kibikwa kugeza ku minota 20-40 kugirango yishyurwe bisanzwe, ndetse no kuri moderi ifite ubushobozi bwa bateri nini.Nubwo EV ishoboye gusa kwemerera ntarengwa 50 kilowat DC, barashobora gukoresha ingingo zidasanzwe zishyurwa, kuko ingufu zizagarukira kubintu byose ikinyabiziga gishobora guhangana nacyo.Kimwe nibikoresho 50 byihuta byihuta, insinga zifatanije nigice, kandi zitanga kwishyuza binyuze muri CCS cyangwa CHAdeMO.

Amashanyarazi ya Teslaumuyoboro kandi utanga amashanyarazi yihuse ya DC kubashoferi b'imodoka zayo, ariko ukoreshe umuhuza wa Tesla Type 2 cyangwa umuhuza wa Tesla CCS - ukurikije icyitegererezo.Ibi birashobora kwishyurwa kugeza kuri kilowati 150.Mugihe moderi zose za Tesla zagenewe gukoreshwa hamwe na Supercharger, ba nyiri Tesla benshi bakoresha adaptate ibafasha gukoresha ingingo rusange yihuta rusange, hamwe na adaptate ya CCS na CHAdeMO zirahari.Gutangira kwishyurwa rya CCS kuri Model 3 no kuzamura moderi zishaje bituma abashoferi bashobora kubona igice kinini cyibikorwa remezo byihuta by’Ubwongereza.

Abashoferi ba Model S na Model X bashoboye gukoresha Tesla Ubwoko bwa 2 ihuza ibice byose bya Supercharger.Abashoferi ba Tesla Model 3 bagomba gukoresha umuhuza wa Tesla CCS, urimo gukurikiranwa mubice byose bya Supercharger.

AC yihutacharger zitanga ingufu kuri 43 kWt (ibyiciro bitatu, 63A) kandi ukoreshe ubwoko bwa 2 bwo kwishyuza.Ibice byihuta bya AC mubisanzwe birashobora kwishyuza EV kugeza 80% muminota 20-40 bitewe nubushobozi bwa bateri yikitegererezo hamwe nuburyo bwo gutangira kwishyurwa.

Moderi ya EV ikoresha amashanyarazi ya CHAdeMO byihuse harimo Nissan Leaf na Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV.Moderi ihuza CCS irimo BMW i3, Kia e-Niro, na Jaguar I-Pace.Model ya Tesla ya Model 3, Model S, na Model X bashoboye gusa gukoresha umuyoboro wa Supercharger, mugihe icyitegererezo cyonyine gishobora gukoresha cyane amashanyarazi ya Rapid AC ni Renault Zoe.